Integrative, model-based engineering design
نویسنده
چکیده
This position statement argues that advanced, systematic modeling techniques are needed to support engineering of complex, heterogeneous systems. Models provide blueprints for the development and assessment of systems through computer simulation, pior to their deployment. 1. Model-Based Design Modem engineering design is a highly complex process. It involves a multiplicity of objectives, constraints, materials, and configurations. Despite great strides in computational tools such as high performance workstations intended to help to cope with this rising complexity, the design process remains error prone. Given the often severe constraints imposed by cost, environmental impacts, safety regulations, etc., designers are forced to make compromises that would not be necessary in an ideal world. Simulation modeling is increasingly recognized as a useful tool in assessing the quality of sub-optimal design choices and arriving at acceptable trade-offs. This approach is often called “simulation-based design.” However, our working hypothesis is that computer simulation and other advanced computational tools are of limited effectiveness without a methodology to induce a systematic handling of the multitude of goals and constraints impinging on a design process. Therefore, our work focuses on the development of techniques in which design models can be synthesized and tested within a number of objectives, taken individually or in trade-off combinations. Although design concepts are pervasive in state-of-theart engineering, no single framework is accepted as fundamental. The methodologies offered by various design disciplines lack a uniform treatment of the design process at different levels of abstraction. Often there is no underlying formal basis for design representation and evaluation. Consequently, efforts to develop environments for support of design activities have little theoretical backing, and the resulting systems are usually conglomerates of different, incompatible tools whose coordination creates a substantial overhead in the design process. In our work, we use modeling and simulation concepts to unify engineering design activities and develop a methodology for systematic construction and evaluation of design models of complex systems. The reasons for our choice of model-based techniques are motivated by the following synergies: l Modeling is a creative act of individuals using basic problem solving techniques, building conceptual models based on knowledge, perception of reality, requirements, and objectives of the modeling project. Thus, considering models as design “blueprints” there is a direct relationship between design and its supporting modeling activities. l By providing mechanisms for model decomposition, hierarchical specification, and aggregation of partial models, advanced modeling methodologies respond to the needs of design of large scale systems. . By providing a spectrum of performance evaluation methods, including trade-off measurements and evaluation of multilevel, multicomponent, hierarchically specified models, our approach facilitates description of design attributes through O-8186-7889-5/97 $10.00
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تاریخ انتشار 1997